lundi 1 février 2016

February

February
February
February 2016-02-01
February 2016
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February (/ˈfɛbjuːˌɛri/ or /ˈfɛbruːˌɛri/ FEB-ew-ERR-ee or FEB-roo-ERR-ee) is the second month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. It is the shortest month and the only month with fewer than 30 days. The month has 28 days in common years or 29 days in leap years.
February is the third month of meteorological winter in the Northern Hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, February is the third month of summer (the seasonal equivalent of August in the Northern Hemisphere, in meteorological reckoning).


History

The Roman month Februarius was named after the Latin term februum, which means purification, via the purification ritual Februa held on February 15 (full moon) in the old lunar Roman calendar. January and February were the last two months to be added to the Roman calendar, since the Romans originally considered winter a monthless period. They were added by Numa Pompilius about 713 BC. February remained the last month of the calendar year until the time of the decemvirs (c. 450 BC), when it became the second month. At certain intervals February was truncated to 23 or 24 days, and a 27-day intercalary month, Intercalaris, was inserted immediately after February to realign the year with the seasons.
Under the reforms that instituted the Julian calendar, Intercalaris was abolished, leap years occurred regularly every fourth year, and in leap years February gained a 29th day. Thereafter, it remained the second month of the calendar year, meaning the order that months are displayed (January, February, March, ..., December) within a year-at-a-glance calendar. Even during the Middle Ages, when the numbered Anno Domini year began on March 25 or December 25, the second month was February whenever all twelve months were displayed in order. The Gregorian calendar reforms made slight changes to the system for determining which years were leap years and thus contained a 29-day February.
Historical names for February include the Old English terms Solmonath (mud month) and Kale-monath (named for cabbage) as well as Charlemagne's designation Hornung. In Finnish, the month is called helmikuu, meaning "month of the pearl"; when snow melts on tree branches, it forms droplets, and as these freeze again, they are like pearls of ice. In Polish and Ukrainian, respectively, the month is called luty or лютий, meaning the month of ice or hard frost. In Macedonian the month is sechko (сечко), meaning month of cutting [wood]. In Czech, it is called únor, meaning month of submerging [of river ice]. Croatians call the month veljača, whose meaning is unknown but may come from the word for "greater," a possible reference to the days increasing in length.
In Slovene, February is traditionally called svečan, related to icicles or Candlemas. This name originates from sičan, written as svičan in the New Carniolan Almanac from 1775 and changed to its final form by Franc Metelko in his New Almanac from 1824. The name was also spelled sečan, meaning "the month of cutting down of trees". In 1848, a proposal was put forward in Kmetijske in rokodelske novice by the Slovene Society of Ljubljana to call this month talnik (related to ice melting), but it did not stick. The idea was proposed by the priest and patriot Blaž Potočnik. Another name of February in Slovene was vesnar, after the mythological character Vesna.


Pronunciation
February may be pronounced either as (/ˈfɛbjuːˌɛri/ or /ˈfɛbruːˌɛri/ FEB-ew-ERR-ee or FEB-roo-ERR-ee). Many people pronounce it as (/juː/ ew rather than /ruː/ roo), as if it were spelled "Feb-u-ary". This comes about by analogy with "January" (which ends in "-uary" but not "-ruary"), as well as by a dissimilation effect whereby having two "r"s close to each other causes one to change for ease of pronunciation.


Patterns
February starts on the same day of the week as both March and November in common years, and as August in leap years. February ends on the same day of the week as October every year and on the same day of the week as January in common years only. February starts on the same day of the week as June of the previous year in all years. February ends on the same day of the week as May of the previous year in common years and August and November of the previous year in leap years. February ends on the same day of the week as July of the following year in years immediately before common years and April and December of the following year in years immediately before leap years. February starts on the same day of the week as May of the following year in leap years and years immediately before leap years. In leap years, it is the only month that ends on the same weekday it began.
Having only 28 days in common years, it is the only month of the year that can pass without a single full moon. This last happened in 1999 and will next happen in 2018.
February is also the only month of the calendar that once every six years and twice every 11 years consecutively, either back into the past or forward into the future, will have four full 7-day weeks. In countries that start their week on a Monday, it occurs as part of a common year starting on Friday, in which February 1st is a Monday and the 28th is a Sunday, this was observed in 2010 and can be traced back 11 years to 1999, 6 years back to 1993, 11 years back to 1982, 11 years back to 1971 and 6 years back to 1965, and will be observed in 2021. In countries that start their week on a Sunday, it occurs in a common year starting on Thursday, with the next occurrence in 2026, and previous occurrences in 2015 (11 years earlier than 2026), 2009 (6 years earlier than 2015), 1998 (11 years earlier than 2009) and 1987 (11 years earlier than 1998). This works unless the pattern is broken by a skipped leap year, but no leap year has been skipped since 1900 and no others will be skipped unti
l 2100.


Observances
This list does not necessarily imply either official status nor general observance.


Month-long observances
American Heart Month (United States)
Black History Month (United States, Canada)
LGBT History Month (United Kingdom)
National Bird-Feeding Month (United States)
Season for Nonviolence: January 30-April 4 (International observance)


Non-Gregorian observances, 2016
22 Shevat (Hebrew Calendar, Chabad sect of Judaism only) - February 1
Lunar New Year (for calendars based on the traditional Chinese calendar)
Chinese New Year (Chinese calendar) - February 8
Korean New Year (Korean calendar - February 8
Tết (Vietnamese calendar) - February 8
Tsagaan Sar (Mongolian calendar) - February 8

Losar (Tibetan calendar) - February 9
Hekate's Deipnon (Attic calendar, Hellenism) - February 9
Yom Kippur Katan - February 9
Noumenia (Attic calendar, Hellenism) - February 10
Rosh Chodesh of Adar I (Jewish Calendar) - February 10
Ganesh Jayanti (Hinduism) - February 11
Vasant Panchami (Hinduism) - February 13
Anthesteria - Pithoigia (Attic calendar, Hellenism) - February 20
Anthesteria - Choes (Attic calendar, Hellenism) - February 21
Anthesteria - Chytroi (Attic calendar, Hellenism) - February 22
Chotrul Duchen (Tibetan calendar) - February 22
Daeboreum (Korean calendar) - February 22
Magha Puja (Burmese calendar, Theravada) -February 22
Purim Katan (Hebrew Calendar) - February 23
Shushan Purim Katan (Hebrew Calendar) - February 24 (Note: neither observance here is to be confused with Purim itself, which is celebrated in March 2016)
Ayya Vaikunda Avataram (Ayyavazhi, Tamil calendar) - February 24-25
Ayyám-i-Há (Bahai calendar) - February 26
Lesser Mysteries (Attic calendar, Hellenism) - February 29-March 6


Movable observances, 2016 dates
Israeli Apartheid Week: February 22-28 (United Kingdom), February 29-March 7 (Europe)
National Day of the Sun: (Argentina) Date varies based on providence
Monday closest to January 29 - February 1
Auckland Anniversary Day (parts of New Zealand)
First Week of February (first Monday, ending on Sunday) - February 1-7
Doppelganger Week
First Friday - February 5
National Wear Red Day (United States)
First Saturday - February 6
Ice Cream for Breakfast Day
First Sunday - February 7
Mother's Day (Kosovo)
Super Bowl (United States)
Second Monday - February 8
Family Day (Canada) (British Columbia)
Meal Monday (Scotland)
Second Saturday - February 13
International Purple Hijab Day
Second Sunday - February 14
Autism Sunday - United Kingdom
Children's Day (Cook Islands, Nauru, Niue, Tokelau, Cayman Islands)
Mother's Day (Norway)
World Marriage Day
Third Monday' - February 15
Family Day (Canada) (provinces of Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, and Saskatchewan)
President's Day: (United States)
Third Friday - February 19
Yukon Heritage Day (Canada)
Week of February 22 - February 21-27
National Engineers Week (U.S.)
Last Tuesday - February 23
World Spay Day
Last Friday - February 26
International Stand Up to Bullying Day
National Engineers Week (U.S.) - February 21-27
Last day of February - February 29
Rare Disease Day


Movable Western Christian Observances - 2016 dates
Fat Thursday - February 4
Festum Ovorum (University of Oxford) - February 6
Quinquagesima - February 7
Shrove Monday - February 8
Nickanan Night (Cornwall)
Rosenmontag (Germany)

Shrove Tuesday - February 9
Feast of the Holy Winding Sheet of Christ
Fastnacht (Pennsylvania Dutch)
Fettisdagen (Sweden)
Mardi Gras
National Pancake Day (Netherlands)
Powder Day (Tolox, Spain)
Užgavėnės (Lithuania)

Ash Wednesday/Lent begins - February 10
National No Smoking Day (Ireland)

People's Sunday (Żabbar, Malta) - February 14
Quadragesima Sunday - February 21


Movable Eastern Christian Observances - 2016 dates
Zacchaeus Sunday/Sunday of the Canaanite - February 14
Publican & Pharisee Sunday - February 21
Sunday of the Prodigal Son - February 28
Meatfare Week - February 28-March 6


Fixed observances
February 1
Air Force Day (Nicaragua)
Anniversary of the Abolition of Slavery (Mauritius)
Federal Territory Day (Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya, Malaysia)
Heroes' Day (Rwanda)
Imbolc (Ireland, Scotland, Isle of Man, and some Neopagan groups in the Northern hemisphere)
Memorial Day of the Republic (Hungary)
National Freedom Day (United States)
World Hijab Day

February 2
Candlemas
Groundhog Day (United States and Canada)
Marmot Day (Alaska, United States)

Inventors' Day (Thailand)

February 3
Setsubun (Japan)

February 4
Day of the Armed Struggle (Angola)
Independence Day (Sri Lanka)
Rosa Parks Day(may also be observed on December 1)
World Cancer Day

February 5
1917 Constitution of Mexico
National Weatherperson's Day

February 6
International Day of Zero Tolerance to Female Genital Mutilation
Ronald Reagan Day (California, United States)
Sami National Day
Waitangi Day (New Zealand)

February 7
February 8
Parinirvana Day (some traditions)
Prešeren Day(Slovenia)
Propose Day

February 9
February 10
February 11
Evelio Javier Day (Panay Island, Philippines)
Ski Trip (Inaba)
Inventors' Day(United States)
National Foundation Day (Japan)
Day of Revenue Service (Azerbaijan)
Youth Day(Cameroon)

February 12
Abraham Lincoln's birthday(United States)
Darwin Day
112 Day (Europe)
National Freedom to Marry Day
Georgia Day
Red Hand Day
Youth Day (Venezuela)

February 13
World Radio Day
Februa: February 13â€"15 (Ancient Rome)
Lupercalia: February 13â€"15 (Ancient Rome)
Parentalia: February 13â€"22 (Ancient Rome)

February 14
Singles Awareness Day
Valentine's Day
V-day

February 15
Serbia's National Day
National Flag of Canada Day
Parinirvana Day (some traditions)
Statehood Day (Serbia)
Susan B. Anthony Day (United States)

February 16
Aman Badhan's Birthday (United Kingdom)

February 17
Quirinalia (Ancient Rome)

February 18
February 19
February 20
World Day of Social Justice

February 21
Feralia (Ancient Rome)
International Mother Language Day
Language Movement Day (Bangladesh)

February 22
Caristia (Ancient Rome)
Independence Day in Saint Lucia
World Thinking Day

February 23
Defender of the Fatherland Day (several former Republics of the Soviet Union)
Mashramani-Republic Day (Guyana)
Meteņi (Latvia)
National Day (Brunei)
Terminalia (Ancient Rome)

February 24
Dragobete(Romania)
Flag Day in Mexico: February 24
Independence Day (Estonia)
Regifugium (Ancient Rome)

February 25
Soviet Occupation Day (Georgia)
People Power Revolution (Philippines)

February 26
Liberation Day (Kuwait)
Day of Remembrance for Victims of Khojaly massacre (Azerbaijan)
National Wear Red Day: (United Kingdom)
Saviours' Day (Nation of Islam)

February 27
Dominican Republic Independence:
Equirria (Ancient Rome)
International Polar Bear Day

February 28
Día de Andalucía
National Science Day

February 29
Leap Day (Every four years, with some exceptions)

welcome to February

Its birth flower is the violet (Viola) and the common primrose (Primula vulgaris).
Its birthstone is the amethyst. It symbolizes piety, humility, spiritual wisdom, and sincerity.
Its zodiac signs are Aquarius (until February 18) and Pisces (February 19 onwards).


References



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http://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/monthly.html?month=2&hl=en
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/February+%22February%22&hl=en&ct=clnk
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http://www.wincalendar.com/February-Calendar/February-2016-Calendar.html&sa=U&ved=0ahUKEwiHoPvu_9fKAhWHESwKHYOhB0sQFggaMAc&usg=AFQjCNHAMgBv2Zz3KYsSLAQyQx_n2u-Jhw
http://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/months/february.html&hl=en
http://www.hellofebruary2016.tk/february-month/&sa=U&ved=0ahUKEwiHoPvu_9fKAhWHESwKHYOhB0sQqoUBCBUwBQ&usg=AFQjCNGjn5lK9iiThMn0_apbpotYW42arA
http://blog.us.playstation.com/2016/02/01/vote-to-play-march-2016-voting-begins-february-9th/
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http://www.thefreedictionary.com/February+%22February%22&hl=en&ct=clnk
http://blog.us.playstation.com/2016/02/01/vote-to-play-march-2016-voting-begins-february-9th/
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/February&hl=en
http://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/monthly.html%3Fmonth%3D2&sa=U&ved=0ahUKEwiHoPvu_9fKAhWHESwKHYOhB0sQFggMMAE&usg=AFQjCNGsDifImjM0CXtLmjpbYxnPhiF8dA
http://www.wincalendar.com/February-Calendar/February-2016-Calendar.html&hl=en
http://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/months/february.html+%22February%22&hl=en&ct=clnk
http://softcam-keys.blogspot.com/search/?q=February
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